Income Inequality of the Population of Kazakhstan: Analysis of the Main Factors and Causes

Abstract

The study covers the issues of income inequality of the population. The main trends are investigated and the factors leading to income inequality are identified.

The article analyzes the dynamics of median and average wages, income distribution indicators for quintile income groups of the population, which showed the presence of inequality in relative terms.

It is revealed that income inequality of the population is expressed in the presence of income differentiation between sectors of the economy, as well as in the regional context, including between urban and rural residents. The increase in poverty is also accompanied by an increase in income inequality.

The presence of a significant proportion of self-employed in the economy, involved in low-productivity industries, as well as the migration factor have also shown their influence on the differentiation in income of the population, including in the regional context.

The study used an analytical method of statistical data, which made it possible to identify the factors of income inequality of the population and substantiate their causes.

As a result of the study, it was revealed that in order to reduce the income differentiation gap, support is required for the development of business activity in the country, contributing to the creation of new jobs, production growth, stimulating innovation and technological progress, which will eventually favorably affect the growth rates of labor productivity and the country's economy, and reduce the income distribution gap.