BATTALOV, Askar. Reasons for the Emergence and Growth of Political Islam in the Middle East». Public Administration and Civil Service, Нур-Султан, Казахстан, n. 1 (80), p. 107–116, 2022. DOI: 10.52123/1994-2370-2022-634. Disponível em: https://journal.apa.kz/index.php/path/article/view/634. Acesso em: 1 dec. 2025.